Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya Polytechnic College, Coimbatore - 641 020

Chlorination is a method of disinfecting water to make it fit for human consumption through the addition of Chlorine or chlorine-containing substances. Chlorine is available as a dry powder/pellet of Calcium hypochlorite (also known as bleaching powder) or as a liquid of Sodium hypochlorite. The different types of chlorination processes are mentioned below. Simple Chlorination : It is the process of adding a small volume of Chlorine solution to the top of the water well and circulating the Chlorine throughout the whole system. This process can be effective for existing water supply systems but not for new ones. Even for existing systems, it should be used only for the first treatment Super Chlorination : Super chlorination is the process in which abnormally large amounts of Chlorine are added to water in very short periods which ensures the disinfection of water.  This is generally used when the water has a very high bacteria presence or comes from a polluted source. It's also an

Pressure Filter Typically, the pressure filters are built as plate-and-frame filters, in which the sludge solids are captured between the plates and frames, which are then pulled apart to allow for sludge cleanout Construction and Operation of Pressure Filters Pressure filters are similar in bed construction to rapid gravity filters, except that they are contained in a steel pressure vessel.  Perforated pipes or a steel plate with nozzles are used for collecting the filtered water and for distribution of the wash water and air scour.  The steel pressure vessel is cylindrical, arranged horizontally or vertically. With a pipe lateral underdrain system the bottom of the vessel is usually filled with concrete so as to obtain a flat base. In the plenum floor design a steel plate into which nozzles are screwed, is used.  In a horizontal vessel, sometimes vertical plates are welded inside to give a rectangular shaped sand bed within the cylinder so that the bed may be washed evenly and there