Sand

 

Sand: (Sand is generally harmless)


    

1.     Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.

2.       The sand must be of proper gradation.

3.       The main natural and cheapest resource of sand is river.

4.      Sand feels gritty when rubbed between the fingers. The sand should free from dust, pebbles organic and in organic matters.

5.      The sand in the mortar does not add any strength but it is used as an adulterant for economy.

6.      It prevents the shrinkage and cracking of mortar in setting and act as a filler material.

7.      Normally sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625 (or 1⁄16 mm, or 62.5 micrometers) to 2 millimeters. An individual particle in this range size is termed a sand grain.

8.      The next smaller size is silt, sand particles range in diameter from particles smaller than 0.0625 mm down to 0.004 mm in diameter.

9.      The next larger size class above sand is gravel, with particles ranging from 2 mm up to 64 mm.

10.  If fine particles are in proper proportion, the sand will have fewer voids. The cement required will be less when there will be less void in sand.

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