RAPID SAND FILTER

 


What is a rapid sand filter?

Rapid sand filtration is a purely physical drinking water purification method. Rapid sand filters (RSF) provide rapid and efficient removal of relatively large suspended particles. Two types of RSF are typically used: rapid gravity and rapid pressure sand filters.

 What is the process of rapid sand filter water treatment?

Coagulation: • Raw water is first treated with chemical coagulant such as alum.

2.     Rapid mixing. • The treated water is then subjected to violent agitation in a 'Mixing Chamber' for a few minutes.

3.     Flocculation. 

4.     Sedimentation

5.     Filtration: the partly clarified water is now subjected to rapid sand filtration.

What is the range of rapid sand filter?

Rapid sand filters differ from slow sand filters in the size of the media employed. Media in rapid sand filters may range in size from 0.35 to 1.0 mm, with a coefficient of uniformity of 1.2 to 1.7. A typical size might be 0.5 mm, with an effective size of 1.3 to 1.7 mm.

What are the advantages of rapid sand filters?

Advantages

·         It has a much higher flow rate than a slow sand filter;

·         Requires relatively small area of land.

·         Is less sensitive to changes in raw water quality.

·         It delivers about 150 to 200 million gallons of water per acre per day.

 What are the types of rapid sand filter?

 The two types of rapid sand filter are the

 gravity type (e.g. Paterson's filter) 

 pressure type (e.g. Candy's filter)

What is the efficiency of rapid sand filter removal?

The rapid sand filter is the most popular type and is always used in conventional water treatment plants after the sedimentation process [2]. The filter removal efficiency exceeds 99.5% (turbidity reduction) in the optimum conditions while it reaches less than 50% in poor conditions

What is the advantage and disadvantage of rapid sand filter?

Rapid sand / gravity filtration

Advantages

Disadvantages

- Relatively small and compact.

- Requires chemical pretreatment. Doesn't remove pathogens as well as slow sand filters

 

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