STADIA TACHEOMETER

 


Stadia tacheometry, or stadia surveying, is a method used in surveying and civil engineering to measure distances indirectly using a special type of theodolite or total station. 

1. **Equipment**: 

            A stadia tacheometer (or stadia theodolite) is equipped with a telescopic sight that has two horizontal stadia lines (crosshairs) in addition to the standard reticle. 

2. **Measurement Principle**: 

        The principle relies on the stadia lines in the telescope and the distance between them. By measuring the vertical distance between the two stadia lines and knowing the distance between the crosshairs (which is fixed and known), you can calculate the distance to the surveyed point.



3. **Stadia Interval**:

             The distance between the stadia lines is typically fixed, often at 1/1000 of the total distance. The distance to the point being measured can be calculated using the formula:

                                           D = CS+K

4. **Procedure**: 

   - Set up the tacheometer on a known point.

   - Sight through the telescope at the target or point of interest.

   - Read the distance between the stadia lines as observed through the telescope.

   - Use the formula to calculate the distance to the target.


Applications

         **Topographic Surveys**:

                 Quickly measure distances in topographic surveys where precise measurements are needed but where traditional methods might be too time-consuming.

        **Construction**:

                    Used in construction sites for quick measurements and alignments.

        **Mapping**: 

            Useful for creating maps and diagrams, particularly in terrain where traditional measuring methods might be impractical.


Advantages

         **Speed**:

             Provides rapid distance measurement compared to more traditional methods.

        **Simplicity**: 

                Easier to use in some conditions as it does not always require precise leveling of the instrument.

Limitations

         **Accuracy**:

             Not as accurate as modern electronic distance measurement (EDM) instruments or total stations.

     **Conditions**: 

        Measurements can be affected by environmental conditions like temperature and humidity, which might require corrections.


Stadia tacheometry is a valuable tool in surveying, especially in scenarios where quick and reasonably accurate distance measurements are required. However, in applications requiring high precision, modern instruments with electronic measurement capabilities are often preferred.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

NOTCHES AND WEIRs

Image
   NOTCH ,WEIR AND ITS TYPES Notch A  notch  may be defined as an obstruction over which the flow of liquid occurs   In case of measuring tank or reservoir, the opening is provided at the side of the tank such that the liquid surface in the tank is below the top edge of the opening. Weir A  weir  is a notch on a large scale used for measuring the flow of a river, canal etc. It is a concrete or masonry structure of substantial breadth built across the river in the direction of flow. This allows the excess water to flow over its entire length to the downstream side. Thus a weir is similar to a small dam constructed across the river, with a difference that the excess water flows downstream only through a small portion called  spillway  and in case of weir, the excess water flows over its entire length. Nappe and crest The sheet of water flowing through a notch or over a weir is known as  nappe  or  vein . The bott...
Read more

THE BASICS OF REBAR: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR BEGINNERS

Image
 THE BASICS OF REBAR: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR BEGINNERS The Basics of Rebar If you have ever wondered what gives strength and stability to the concrete structures that we see around us, the answer is (most commonly) rebar. Rebar, short for reinforcing bar, is the steel rods that are embedded in concrete that provide tensile strength to what is actually and prevent cracking. Rebar comes in different shapes and sizes, but the most common type is deformed steel rebar, which has ridges or indentations along its surface to create a better bond with the concrete. Deformed steel rebar has been used in the construction industry for over a century, and it has revolutionised the way we build. With rebar, and using elements such as beams,  beam ties , rebar mesh, and reinforced walls, we can create taller, stronger, and more durable structures that can withstand natural disasters, environmental changes, and human activities. Some of the most iconic buildings in the world, such as...
Read more

What are different diameters of steel used in construction field?

         In the construction industry, the appropriate selection of materials is crucial as they form            the fundamental basis for determining the strength and durability of structures. TMT (Thermo-Mechanically Treated) Steel is one of the essential components in construction as it stands out for its exceptional strength and ductility in building structures. Thus, contributing to the prolonged longevity and durability of the structures. In this article, we will delve into the different sizes of  TMT steel bars  and their different uses in the construction industry. These TMT Steel bars come in different sizes based on their varied diameters. The different diameter of steel bars are as follows: 8mm Steel Rod 10mm Steel Rod 12mm Steel Rod 16mm Steel Rod 20mm Steel Rod 25mm Steel Rod 32mm Steel Rod, etc TMT bars of varied sizes, play a pivotal role in diverse infrastructure initiatives, the versatility of TMT bars is ...
Read more