PRESSURE AND ITS TYPES

 

 


   Pressure is defined as the force applied at the right angles to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.

Pressure is defined as the Force per unit area.

The SI unit for pressure is N/m2.

Pressure Formula

The formula used to calculate the applied pressure is,

·        P = F/A

·        P = mg/A

where,P is the Pressure.

F is the Magnitude of the Force Applied.

A is the Surface Area in Contact

Unit of Pressure

The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa) and is denoted by the letter ‘p’



Dimension of Pressure is, [ML-1T-2]

 Types of Pressure

We can easily classified pressure into different categories that include,

·        Absolute Pressure

·        Gauge Pressure

·        Differential Pressure

·        Vacuum Pressure

Atmospheric Pressure

Air is present above the sea level, the pressure exerted by the air in the atmosphere is known as atmospheric pressure. The unit used for measuring the atmospheric pressure is atm. 

The human body also has Pressure inside the body which compensates for the pressure present in the atmosphere, Therefore, the Human body does not feel it. The atmospheric pressure varies due to the fluctuation in the atmosphere. The weight of air is responsible for the atmospheric pressure, and it is essential for life on Earth.

The instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure is called Barometer. Barometer has Mercury filled, and it is vacuumed in the rest of the space.

Absolute Pressure

Absolute Pressure is the pressure with respect to Zero pressure present, that is, with respect to no pressure present in the empty, free space. No pressure is obtained in a vacuum. Absolute pressure is denoted as Pabs.

Differential Pressure

Differential Pressure, as the name suggests, is the difference between the two values of pressure. The pressure obtained will be lesser than either of the pressures and the unit is the same for the differential pressure obtained.

Pd = P2 – P1

Gauge Pressure

Gauge pressure is also known as Overpressure, and it is the recently invented pressure. The differential pressure obtained from atmospheric pressure and absolute pressure is known as overpressure or gauge pressure.

Below given figure shows the particular relation among Gauge Pressure, Absolute Pressure, Atmospheric pressure,

 Vacuum Pressure

The pressure which is calculated below the atmospheric pressure is known as vacuum pressure. Hence, the negative value of the gauge pressure is the vacuum pressure.

 

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