Sedimentation Processes and types of sedimentation tank

 

·         Sedimentation Processes

Introduction

Sedimentation is the process of allowing particles in suspension in water to settle out of the suspension under the effect of gravity.

The particles that settle out from the suspension become sediment, and in water treatment is known as sludge.

 When a thick layer of sediment continues to settle, this is known as consolidation. When consolidation of sediment, or sludge, is assisted by mechanical means then this is known as thickening.

In water treatment sedimentation might be used to reduce the concentration of particles in suspension before the application of coagulation, to reduce the amount of coagulating chemicals needed, or after coagulation and, possibly, flocculation.

When sedimentation is applied after coagulation, its purpose is usually to reduce the concentration of solids in suspension so that the subsequent filtration can function most effectively.

Sedimentation is one of several methods for application prior to filtration: other options include dissolved air flotation and some methods of filtration. Generically, such solids-liquid separation processes are sometimes referred to as clarification processes.

 Types of Sedimentation Tanks

·         Horizontal flow tanks.

            Radial flow tanks.

·         Inclined settling. 

·         Ballasted sedimentation.

·         Floc blanket sedimentation.

·         Sirofloc Process.



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